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Abstract Although Calligenethlon watsoni, an enigmatic embolomere from Joggins, Nova Scotia, has been known since 1934, an in-depth description of its anatomy (including CT data) and updated taxonomic diagnosis has yet to be completed. Additionally, subsequently discovered embolomere specimens have been referred to the taxon simply if they display embolomere traits. As a result, Calligenethlon is represented by a collection of specimens united on the basis of largely non-diagnostic traits. Here, the exquisitely preserved specimen identified as Calligenethlon, NSM 994GF1.1, is described in detail using micro-computed tomography. Comparison of this specimen to the holotype supports its referral to Calligenethlon and the anatomical knowledge gained here allows for the generation of a more robust morphological diagnosis of the genus Calligenethlon. We then re-evaluate all other referred specimens to determine which are consistent with their referral to the taxon, and which are inconclusively referred to the taxon. These data are discussed as they provide new insights into the anatomy of Calligenethlon and the diversity of embolomeres at the Joggins’ locality.